Grand canonical partition function of a serial metallic island system

Abstract We present a calculation of the grand canonical partition function serial metallic island system by imaginary-time path integral formalism. To this purpose, all electronic excitations in lead and electrodes are described using Grassmann numbers. The Coulomb charging energy is represented terms phase fields conjugate to charges. By large channel approximation, tunneling action dependence can also be determined explicitly. Therefore, we represent as over with probability given an analytically known effective functional. Using result, propose average electron number expectation value winding Finally, example, describe blockade effect two-island method construct quantum stability diagram.